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Telegram profile photo for SDF_PRESS - المركز الإعلامي

Channel

SDF_PRESS - المركز الإعلامي

@sdf_press

On this record: Topic · Growth · Engagement · What this channel posts · Reactions · Stars · Posts · Citations · Handles named that no longer answer · Telegram's recommendations · Referenced elsewhere · Cite this entry

35,249subscribers

-2,162 since we began measuring on 6 August 2026

Risers and fallers across the register · movement among entries of 31,623–100,000.

Register entry

Telegram ID-1001613543687
TypeChannel
Username@sdf_press
Created31 August 2022 — measured — cross-checked against a third-party dataset (ext.tg_channel)
First recorded6 August 2026
Last confirmed live25 September 2026
Measurements held34
Confirmed unchanged1 time, most recently 25 September 2026
On Telegramt.me/sdf_press

Topic

National news — a classification, not a measurement. An on-box language model (Qwen3.6-35B-A3B-FP8, prompt version 1) read this channel’s own recent posts on 9 September 2026 and assigned it the closest of 31 fixed categories, at 42% confidence. This is a model’s judgement about what the channel is likely to be about, not a fact this register measured the way a subscriber count or a view count is measured — it can be revised on a later pass, and it carries no weight anywhere else on this page. How this classification works, and why it has no browse page of its own yet.

Growth

35,24937,41136,3306 August 2026 — 37,411 subscribers7 August 2026 — 37,375 subscribers8 August 2026 — 37,326 subscribers9 August 2026 — 37,286 subscribers10 August 2026 — 37,244 subscribers11 August 2026 — 37,220 subscribers12 August 2026 — 37,175 subscribers13 August 2026 — 37,140 subscribers14 August 2026 — 37,090 subscribers16 August 2026 — 37,018 subscribers17 August 2026 — 36,951 subscribers18 August 2026 — 36,894 subscribers19 August 2026 — 36,856 subscribers20 August 2026 — 36,829 subscribers21 August 2026 — 36,785 subscribers22 August 2026 — 36,748 subscribers24 August 2026 — 36,657 subscribers25 August 2026 — 36,615 subscribers26 August 2026 — 36,562 subscribers27 August 2026 — 36,531 subscribers28 August 2026 — 36,471 subscribers29 August 2026 — 36,424 subscribers30 August 2026 — 36,364 subscribers1 September 2026 — 36,318 subscribers2 September 2026 — 36,270 subscribers3 September 2026 — 36,220 subscribers5 September 2026 — 36,069 subscribers8 September 2026 — 35,899 subscribers11 September 2026 — 35,767 subscribers13 September 2026 — 35,693 subscribers14 September 2026 — 35,619 subscribers16 September 2026 — 35,557 subscribers18 September 2026 — 35,468 subscribers25 September 2026 — 35,249 subscribers6 August 202625 September 2026
34 measurements spanning 50 days, net -2,162. Dots are measurements; the straight line between them is drawn to join them, not to claim we know the path taken in between — snapshots are recorded only when a count changes, so gaps mean “no change observed”, never “interpolated”. The vertical axis spans 34,925–37,735 and does not start at zero.
Measurement log — every subscribers count we have recorded, most recent 20 of 34
Measured (UTC)SubscribersChange
25 Sept 2026, 00:3735,249-219
18 Sept 2026, 18:1735,468-89
16 Sept 2026, 08:1835,557-62
14 Sept 2026, 16:4135,619-74
13 Sept 2026, 02:5935,693-74
11 Sept 2026, 03:2035,767-132
8 Sept 2026, 03:3735,899-170
5 Sept 2026, 01:3836,069-151
3 Sept 2026, 08:1836,220-50
2 Sept 2026, 00:2336,270-48
1 Sept 2026, 01:3836,318-46
30 Aug 2026, 23:2836,364-60
29 Aug 2026, 20:2436,424-47
28 Aug 2026, 21:2536,471-60
27 Aug 2026, 17:5736,531-31
26 Aug 2026, 19:0336,562-53
25 Aug 2026, 15:4836,615-42
24 Aug 2026, 13:0836,657-91
22 Aug 2026, 18:5236,748-37
21 Aug 2026, 11:3836,785first reading

Engagement

22 posts held, back to 14 April 2026 — the reader has not yet reached the start of this channel’s public history, so older posts may sit further back, unread. Read across 90 pages of Telegram’s post history, 20 posts per page.

ERR · 30 days
21.0%
avg views ÷ 35,249 subscribers
Avg views / post
7,390
1 post measured
Reaction rate
1.04%
reactions ÷ views · ER floor
Posts in window
1
of 22 held

ERR is average views per post over the last 30 days divided by subscribers, the definition TGStat uses, so this figure is comparable with the one you will see elsewhere. It falls structurally as a channel grows: a high ERR on a small channel and a low one on a large channel describe reach mathematics, not quality. We publish the figure and the sample it came from and pass no verdict on it.

ER is defined industry-wide as (forwards + reactions + comments) ÷ views — note the denominator is views, not subscribers. Telegram’s public web preview carries views and reactions but not forward or comment counts, so the reaction rate above is the reactions term only and is therefore a floor: the true ER for this channel is higher by an amount we have not measured and will not estimate.

What these figures were computed from
WindowRolling 30 days · latest post in window 4 September 2026
Posts held22 (14 April 2026 – 4 September 2026)
Views total7,390
Reactions total77
Forwards / commentsnot exposed by the public surface — not measured, not estimated
Readings taken27 Sept 2026, 05:43 UTC

Views are a single reading per post, taken at the time above. A post published in the last day or two is still accumulating views, which pulls the 30-day average down slightly. That is a property of the standard definition rather than a fault in it, so we keep the definition rather than “correcting” the number into something nobody can reproduce.

Precision. Telegram publishes view counts on its public widget in short form — 8.12K, 3.7M — so any reading at or above 1,000 reaches us rounded to three significant figures, and only counts below 1,000 are exact. Averages and rates derived from them are shown to the same precision rather than to the unit: a figure like 3,701,250 would assert digits nobody measured.

Reaction counts are published per emoji and rounded the same way, so a total below 1,000 is exact and a larger one is a sum that may carry a rounded component from each emoji above 1,000. Because it is a sum, it does not look rounded — read a large reaction total as three significant figures per contributing emoji rather than as the figure it prints.

What this channel posts

Photos
≈2,450
Videos
≈995
Links
≈1,580

Lifetime counters from Telegram’s own channel header, read 27 September 2026 — not the date at the top of this page, which is when the subscriber count was last read. A count marked ≈ was rounded by Telegram before we ever saw it — t.me prints these counters in full below 1,000 and to three significant figures above, so ≈142,000 means somewhere between 141,500 and 142,499.

Video runtime
2m 28s
Average length
2m 28s

Measured directly from 1 video with a duration reading, out of the posts we hold for this channel — not this channel’s whole posting history, only the sample this register has actually read. An exact reading to the second, taken from the post itself rather than from Telegram’s own rounded chrome, so it carries no ≈ mark.

Reaction mix

1,990 reactions across 22 posts, in 2 distinct kinds. The most used accounts for 89.4% of them.

Every reaction kind recorded on the sample, most used first
ReactionCountShareShare, drawn
❤1,77989.4%
👍21110.6%

No sentiment is inferred, and none should be read in. This table is ordered by count and by nothing else. Emoji do not carry stable meaning across languages or communities — 🙏 is thanks in one channel and mourning in another — so we publish which ones were pressed and how often, and pass no judgement on what an audience meant by them.

Precision. Telegram publishes reaction counts per emoji and short-forms each one — 4.34K, 1.2M — so any single kind at or above 1,000 reaches us at three significant figures, and only counts below 1,000 are exact. The shares above are ratios of those figures and carry the same error. This is also why the total here can differ slightly from a reaction total printed elsewhere on the page: both are sums of the same rounded parts, taken over samples with different edges.

Coverage. Reactions were read on 22 of the 22 sampled posts in this sample. Summed by Telegram’s own count on each post — not by adding up the per-emoji breakdown above — those same posts carry 1,990 reactions in total: the kind of figure the paragraph above means by “a reaction total printed elsewhere on the page”.

Measured over the 22 most recent posts we hold, published 14 April 2026 to 4 September 2026, using the newest reading held for each. Telegram Stars are excluded: they are a payment, not a reaction, and they have their own section.

Telegram Stars

Stars received
119
across the posts below
Posts paid on
9
of 22 we hold a reading for · 41%
Most on one post
101
single highest reading

A paid reaction is a reader spending Telegram Stars — bought with money — on a post by @sdf_press. Telegram publishes the count on the public post preview alongside ordinary reactions, and this register reads it there. It is the only figure on this site that measures money moving rather than attention.

Stars are not reactions, and the two are never added. They are rendered in the same strip on Telegram and counted in the same shape, but one is a tap and the other is a purchase. The reaction totals and the engagement rate elsewhere on this page exclude every figure in this section, and no rate here is computed against a reaction count.

This is not revenue, and we publish no currency figure. What a Star costs a reader and what it pays a channel are different numbers, Telegram takes a share we cannot observe, and the terms have changed. Converting a Star count into money would be an estimate dressed as a measurement, so the count is where we stop.

Counted over the 22 most recent posts we hold for this entry, published 14 April 2026 to 4 September 2026. Star counts above 1,000 reach us in Telegram’s short form and carry the same three-significant-figure rounding as everything else on this page.

Recent posts

4 Sept 2026, 10:45 UTC≈7,390 views77 reactionsread 27 September 2026

https://sdf-press.com/archives/48430

❤72👍5

12 Aug 2026, 21:28 UTC≈18,000 views117 reactions1 Starread 27 September 2026

https://sdf-press.com/archives/48418

❤105👍12

2 Aug 2026, 18:17 UTC≈17,100 views86 reactions6 Starsread 27 September 2026

Di salvegera 12'emîn a jenosîda Şengalê de, em bi rêzdarî hemû cangoriyan bi bîr tînin. Her wiha em bi serfirazî şervanên xwe yên ku canê xwe ji bo parastina gelê me yê Êzidî feda kirin û beşdarî têkbirina terorîzma DAIŞ'ê û rizgarkirina bi hezaran sivîlan ji jenosîdê bûn, bi bîr tînin. Eşkerekirina çarenûsa hemû kesên ku hatine revandin û misogerkirina ewlehiya Şingalê û gelê me yê Êzîdî berpirsiyariyek exlaqî, miro…

❤86

29 Jul 2026, 07:31 UTC≈16,500 views74 reactions1 Starread 27 September 2026

https://sdf-press.com/archives/48404

❤54👍20

25 Jul 2026, 19:43 UTC≈16,400 views93 reactionsread 27 September 2026

‏ببالغ الحزن تلقينا نبأ الحادث المروري المأساوي على طريق ديرالزور و الذي أودى بحياة العشرات من أبناء شعبنا السوري . ‏نتقدم بخالص التعازي إلى أسر الضحايا ونتمنى الشفاء العاجل للمصابين . نشارك ذوي الضحايا أحزانهم في هذا المصاب الأليم و نسأل الله أن يتغمد الراحلين بواسع رحمته، و يلهم أهلهم الصبر و السلوان. مظلوم عبدي - القائد العام لقوات سوريا الديمقراطية

❤70👍23

29 Jun 2026, 07:39 UTC≈19,200 views95 reactions3 Starsread 27 September 2026

https://sdf-press.com/archives/48370

❤86👍9

16 Jun 2026, 20:39 UTC≈23,100 views135 reactions3 Starsread 27 September 2026
Photo

‏تشرفت بلقاء مبعوث الرئيس الأمريكي إلى سوريا والعراق السيد توم باراك ⁦ @USAMBTurkiye⁩ ، ورئيس إقليم كوردستان السيد نيجيرفان بارزاني ⁦ @IKRPresident⁩ ، اليوم في أربيل. ‏ناقشنا ملفات مهمة أبرزها الخطوات المعمول بها لدمج قواتنا والإدارة الذاتية في الحكومة السورية، ومتابعة تنفيذ الاتفاقات بما يعزز المسار السياسي والاستقرار. ‏كما تم التأكيد على دعم جهود مكافحة الإرهاب، ودفع الحل السياسي الشامل في سوريا بما يضمن مشاركة جمي…

❤109👍26

14 Jun 2026, 08:53 UTC≈15,800 views77 reactionsread 27 September 2026

https://sdf-press.com/archives/48347

❤68👍9

9 Jun 2026, 07:05 UTC≈17,200 views96 reactionsread 27 September 2026

https://sdf-press.com/archives/48337

❤86👍10

1 Jun 2026, 11:56 UTC≈16,500 views83 reactionsread 27 September 2026

https://sdf-press.com/archives/48326

❤77👍6

16 May 2026, 09:29 UTC≈18,100 views90 reactionsread 27 September 2026

https://sdf-press.com/archives/48318

❤82👍8

12 May 2026, 07:55 UTC≈17,800 views96 reactionsread 27 September 2026

https://sdf-press.com/archives/48310

❤84👍12

Showing the 12 most recent of 22 posts we hold for @sdf_press. View and reaction counts are the latest single reading for each post, not a live figure, and a recent post is still accumulating both. A view count marked ≈ was rounded by Telegram before we ever saw it — t.me prints views in full below 1,000 and to three significant figures above, so ≈1,200,000 means somewhere between 1,150,000 and 1,249,999. Unmarked counts are exact. Text is reproduced from the public post preview and truncated for length.

Stars beside a post are paid reactions — Telegram Stars, bought with money and spent on that post. They are a different unit from reactions and are never added to them, here or anywhere else on this page.

Forward network

Built only from forwarded posts we have actually read, on both sides. Coverage is early and deliberately incomplete: a missing link means we have not read the post that would prove it, never that the relationship does not exist. Counts are distinct forwarded posts observed, so they only ever go up as we read more.

Mentions

Names

Channels on the register whose handles appear in this channel's posts.

A mention is a weaker signal than a forward and is counted separately for that reason — naming a channel is not republishing it, and a handle in a post body is easy to place deliberately. The post counts beside each row below are distinct posts in which the handle appeared, from posts we have read on both sides — the “Named by N registered channels” figure above is a different count, of distinct NAMING CHANNELS rather than posts, and is not the sum of the rows under it.

Channels Telegram recommends alongside this one

Telegram’s own answer, not this register’s. When this register asks Telegram’s API what is similar to this channel, this is the list it returns, in the exact order Telegram returns it — never re-sorted by subscribers or by anything else this register measures. The relationship, and the order, are Telegram’s; we record them and date them, and make no claim of our own about which of these channels actually resemble this one.

YPJ MEDIA CENTER
@YPJMediaCenter · 15,784
#1
Yekîneyên Servanên Efrînê
@Servanenefrine · 7,914
#2
قوى الأمن الداخلي محافظة الحسكة
@asayishOfficialPage · 3,619
#3
شبكة نشطاء روﭺ آﭬـا
@RojavaActivists · 7,398
#4
شبكة نشطاء عفرين
@afrinactivists · 4,881
#5
مراسل الشرقية (الرسمي)
@AbomosaabSharkea · 47,536
#6
قناة اليوم
@alyaumch · 3,400
#7
دير الزور 24
@D24net · 10,686
#8
مجلس هجين العسكري
@MajlisHajinAskari · 1,821
#9
اخبار سوريا
@deiir123 · 10,031
#10
YEKÎNEYÊN ANTÎ TEROR - YAT
@YEKINEYENANTITEROROR · 1,917
#11
صابرين نيوز - Sabereen news
@SabrenNewss · 1,102,108
#12
مجلس سوريا الديمقراطية
@SDCPressT · 1,251
#13
EFRÎN TV
@tvefrin · 1,199
#14
RONAHI TV
@tvronahi · 17,420
#15
Hêzên Rizgariya Efrînê
@HRE_official_kurdish · 7,455
#16
ANHA عربية
@HawarNews · 6,929
#17
Rojava Post
@TheRojavaPost · 14,232
#18
ROJEV
@rojev_mexmur · 7,950
#19
Efrin News 24 عفرين نيوز ٢٤
@efrinnews24 · 9,456
#20
نهر ميديا - Naher Media
@nahermedia · 10,019
#21
شبكة نداء الفرات
@NedaaAlfurat · 14,818
#22
Rojava Gündemi
@Rojava_Gundemi · 27,335
#23
شبكة عين الفرات الإخبارية
@euphrateseye · 12,061
#24
الإدارة الذاتية الديمقراطية لإقليم شمال وشرق سوريا
@aanesofficial · 2,493
#25
ANHA Kurdî
@kuhawarnews · 6,945
#26
Nûçe Ciwan Kurmancî
@NCCIWAN · 4,670
#27
10serhildan10 (êrîş/saldiri)
@serhildanbkr · 8,313
#28
الخابور
@alkhabour · 29,110
#29
فرات بوست - Euphrates Post
@Euphrats_post · 60,024
#30
JHArnous
@jharnous · 26,744
#31
Assyria News Network
@AssyriaNewsNetwork · 8,710
#32
Ragihandina Ciwanên Şoreşger إعلام الشبيبة الثورية
@rac_ciwan · 5,373
#33
رووداو عربية
@RudawArabic · 14,542
#34
War Noir
@war_noir · 53,385
#35
همام عيسى
@HammamIssa · 9,206
#36
Kurdên Zagros
@KurdenZagros · 2,108
#37
بەرەی کورد - Kurdish Front
@Kurdish_Front · 9,365
#38
ANHA Türkçe
@trhawarnews · 5,167
#39
Protest | Сирия
@protest_syria · 8,003
#40
Rojnews_Kurmancî
@RojnewsKurmancie · 2,870
#41
Gerîla
@gerilame · 8,518
#42
Lekolin-Org
@lekolinorg · 1,913
#43
شۆڕشی ژن، ژیان، ئازادی
@Revolution_Azadi · 3,170
#44
مزمجر الثورة السورية
@mzmgr_syria · 87,011
#45
Rojazindi.tv
@rojazinditv · 2,897
#46
Syria 24
@AXAX2025AX · 10,316
#47
Kurdish Front News
@KurdishFrontNews · 18,366
#48
TwitterKurdsHashtags
@TwitterkurdsHashtags · 4,749
#49
Rojava FM
@radiorojava · 4,183
#50
ANF Türkçe
@ANFTurkce · 7,972
#51
Stêrk TV
@sterkkurditv · 14,605
#52
Nûçe Ciwan Türkçe
@Nuceciwan_Tirki · 5,949
#53
Medya Haber TV
@medyahabertv1 · 8,247
#54
ANF на русском | ANF Russia ©
@anfnews_ru · 423
#55
Yıldız Teşkilatı Haber
@YTHBR · 12,198
#56
Haber Atölyesi
@haberatolyesi · 4,106
#57
KURD°Arşiv
@kurdarsiv · 1,341
#58
Geopolitics Watch
@GeoPWatch · 80,557
#59
ANF Arabic Service
@anfarabicservice · 615
#60
ANTİFA ENTERNASYONAL
@antifa_enternasyonel · 596
#61

Read from Telegram’s recommendation API, most recently 1 September 2026. Telegram holds a list like this for a small and growing share of the register — how this is measured, and why most channel pages show nothing here.

Appears in Telegram’s recommendations for other channels

The reverse of the list above, and a different kind of signal. This does not require this channel to have ever been asked about directly — each row below is a channel we DID ask Telegram about, whose Telegram-generated list happened to include this one. A channel can appear here with an empty list above it, because being named by someone else’s query is independent of having been queried itself.

Rapid Support Forces - قوات الدعم السريع
@RSFSudan · 41,755
Telegram ranks this channel #8 of 79 here — alongside 78 others — read 29 August 2026
Rojava Gündemi
@Rojava_Gundemi · 27,335
Telegram ranks this channel #13 of 59 here — alongside 58 others — read 11 September 2026
مراسل الشرقية (الرسمي)
@AbomosaabSharkea · 47,536
Telegram ranks this channel #16 of 88 here — alongside 87 others — read 26 August 2026
شبكة شام الإخبارية
@ShaamNetwork · 20,611
Telegram ranks this channel #20 of 81 here — alongside 80 others — read 26 September 2026
كابوس جرابلس
@Jarablous_Jarablous · 139,160
Telegram ranks this channel #34 of 79 here — alongside 78 others — read 13 August 2026
كابوس جرابلس ⚖️ الكابوس ⚖️
@JarabIous_news · 52,795
Telegram ranks this channel #46 of 68 here — alongside 67 others — read 23 August 2026
الخابور
@alkhabour · 29,110
Telegram ranks this channel #48 of 81 here — alongside 80 others — read 8 September 2026
الإخبارية السورية
@AlekhbariahSY · 77,430
Telegram ranks this channel #49 of 82 here — alongside 81 others — read 19 August 2026
Jarablous_news كابوس جرابلس
@Jrablous_news · 55,970
Telegram ranks this channel #57 of 71 here — alongside 70 others — read 23 August 2026
فرات بوست - Euphrates Post
@Euphrats_post · 60,024
Telegram ranks this channel #57 of 83 here — alongside 82 others — read 22 August 2026
العقيدات نيوز الرسمية
@ZabidNewsOfficial811 · 24,295
Telegram ranks this channel #59 of 68 here — alongside 67 others — read 16 September 2026
OPERASYON HABER
@operasyonhaber · 21,990
Telegram ranks this channel #60 of 68 here — alongside 67 others — read 21 September 2026
وزارة الإعلام السورية
@SyMOIGov · 67,405
Telegram ranks this channel #60 of 86 here — alongside 85 others — read 20 August 2026
نداء بوست Nedaa Post
@NEDAAPOST · 41,842
Telegram ranks this channel #73 of 84 here — alongside 83 others — read 29 August 2026
قناة السورية SYRIAN TV
@Syrian_Tv · 32,837
Telegram ranks this channel #74 of 79 here — alongside 78 others — read 4 September 2026
الهيئة العامة للإذاعة والتلفزيون
@GARTSyria · 43,210
Telegram ranks this channel #74 of 82 here — alongside 81 others — read 28 August 2026
مزمجر الثورة السورية
@mzmgr_syria · 87,011
Telegram ranks this channel #75 of 77 here — alongside 76 others — read 17 August 2026
جريدة الوطن
@alwatan_sy · 38,250
Telegram ranks this channel #79 of 83 here — alongside 82 others — read 31 August 2026
صوت العاصمة
@damascusv011 · 21,132
Telegram ranks this channel #80 of 86 here — alongside 85 others — read 24 September 2026
الشرق للأخبار - سوريا
@AsharqNewsSYR · 32,251
Telegram ranks this channel #80 of 86 here — alongside 85 others — read 4 September 2026
Rudaw
@rudawdigital · 33,481
Telegram ranks this channel #81 of 81 here — alongside 80 others — read 4 September 2026

This channel appears in 21 seed channels' Telegram-generated recommendation lists in total. Each is Telegram’s list for THAT channel, not this one — see how this is measured.

Referenced elsewhere

This handle named by sources this register does not control and did not measure — each shown exactly as found, attributed by name, dated to when it was read.

Wikipedia

4 Wikipedia articles name this handle in its article text, found by searching for a t.me link inside the article source. A citation is a notability signal, not a verification: nobody here confirmed the cited post is genuine or still says what the article quotes. Article text is CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikipedia contributors; snippets below are short excerpts.

List of military actions conducted by the Martyr Haroun Units (en.wikipedia.org)
“…Turkish occupation mercenaries in Manbij city and its countryside |url=https://t.me/sdf_press/3085 |access-date=2025-02-02 |website=SDF Press Telegram}}{{Cite…”
read 13 September 2026
Martyr Haroun Units (en.wikipedia.org)
“…belonging to the Turkish occupation in southwestern Manbij. |url=https://t.me/sdf_press/3702 |access-date=21 August 2025 |website=SDF Press Telegram}}{{Cite…”
read 13 September 2026
SDF–Syrian transitional government clashes (2025–2026) (en.wikipedia.org)
“…during their attack on the Ashrafieh neighborhood of Aleppo|url=https://t.me/sdf_press/5129 |access-date=8 January 2026 |website=SDF Press}}}}{{flagicon…”
read 13 September 2026
T-155 Firtina (en.wikipedia.org)
“…belonging to the Turkish occupation in southwestern Manbij". |url=https://t.me/sdf_press/3702 |access-date=29 January 2025 |website=SDF Press Telegram}}{{Cite…”
read 13 September 2026

Cite this entry

A live page changes as we take new readings, so a citation should name the measurement it is based on, not just the URL. The line below cites the subscriber count as measured 25 September 2026 — this entry's latest reading, not the date you are reading this.

“SDF_PRESS - المركز الإعلامي” (@sdf_press), 35,249 subscribers as measured 25 September 2026. Telegram Register, tgregister.com/channel/sdf_press.

Full measurement history, CC BY 4.0. Every reading this register holds for this entry, not just the latest one, as a dated, downloadable record: CSV · JSON. Free to use with attribution to tgregister.com. Each file carries its own generation timestamp, which is the figure to cite for exactly when the data was retrieved.